Steps 5 & 6

Part C

Step 5 - Inserting the ribs and making the thwarts
	Diamond willow is used for ribs and are bent into shape.
	Ribs are secured between the gunwales.
	The thwarts are cut and lashed together using babiche.
Step 6 - Closing the Bow and Stern
	The bow and stern are clamped and closed.
	Spruce pitch (spruce gum) is collected to seal the stems and plug any holes.
	The pitch is heated before it is applied to the canoe
	The bow and stern are sewed with spruce root and sealed with the pitch.